What Causes Staghorn Kidney Stones

The cause of this type of kidney stone is an underlying infection.

What causes staghorn kidney stones. 74 the process usually begins with. Approximately 75 of staghorn calculi are struvite composed of magnesium ammonium phosphate crystals mixed with carbonate apatite. Some fruits and vegetables as well as nuts and chocolate have high oxalate content.

Most kidney stones are calcium stones usually in the form of calcium oxalate. Oxalate is a naturally occurring substance found in food and is also made daily by your liver. Petur nielsen in diagnostic pathology of infectious disease second edition 2018.

A staghorn kidney stone form when a harmful bacterium is present. Staghorn stones form in the renal pelvis. Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is a chronic inflammatory condition that is caused by pyogenic infection of the kidney usually secondary to staghorn calculi 70 of cases most commonly by proteus or e.

Staghorn stones are stones that involve the renal pelvis and extend into at least 2 calyces of the kidney. Women neurogenic bladder ureteral diversion to ileum and recurrent urinary tract infection with urease producing bacteria such as proteus klebsiella pseudomonas and enterobacter. Foul smelling and cloudy urine is also a common phenomenon for struvite kidney stone sufferers.

This is because of the infection occurring in the urinary tract. Staghorn calculus can be caused due to various types of stones. It also causes the patient death.

Due to this reason the staghorn kidney stone is sometime called infection stone. While smaller kidneys stones can often be passed staghorn stones often form in the calyces or conduit between the kidney and the ureters. Women are more likely to get these kidney stones than men because they tend to get more urinary tract infections.